Quote:
Originally posted by TundraGA
How does an alignment solve the problem? If it were out of alignment wouldn't it shake all the time?
|
The problem is the effect of braking on marginal steering stability. You might find some previous posts of mine about this if you look WAY back in the archives, and if they are still there.
The steering axis of a wheel is a line throught the upper and lower ball joints for that wheel -- it is the axis about which the wheel turns to steer the vehicle. Caster is the lean toward the rear, when viewed from the side, of the steering axis. The purpose of having the steering axis lean toward the rear is that it generates forces which cause the left wheel to steer to the right, and the right wheel to steer to the left. These forces are equal (i.e. balanced) when the vehicle is steered straight ahead. If you steer to the right, the force steering the right wheel to the left increases, and the force steering the left wheel to the right decreases -- this causes the wheels to try to steer back straight ahead.
This produces "steering stability", and it's VERY desireable.
The vehicle should be aligned with sufficient caster so this works well. If you decrease caster, the steering forces decrease, and so steering stability decreases. If you decrease it enough, steering becomes unstable and the front wheels vibrate, which is usually described as "shimmy".
Now to braking. When you apply the brakes, the front end dives down a bit and the rear end rises up a bit. This makes the steering axis lean a bit less toward the rear, and so decreases the actual caster the suspension experiences during braking. In short, braking decreases steering stability. How much? If the drop in the front plus the rise in the rear equals one inch on the Tundra, the net decrease in caster is 0.47 degrees. That's a BIG change in caster.
So, if the alignment is marginally stable, meaning it has just enough caster that it doesn't vibrate, then it might be unstable during braking. The cure is proper alignment and sufficient caster. That's a somewhat simplistic overview, but it illustrates the problem.